As applied to airgun barrels it is a slight narrowing of the bore in the last inch or so at the muzzle.It is done for sizing the pellet and stabilizing it in flight. For spring guns there is no need to have a choke as the initial blast sizes the pellet, but in pnumatic, CO2 and PCP guns the initial blast may not be sufficient to flare the skirt and size the pellet ensuring good engagement with rifling and a good seal so choking the barrel is beneficial. I just read an article on this just a few minutes ago which is where I got most of that info (the rest I made up).. strangely I don't recall which forum I read it on.. old age is *(&^. <edit> OK, I didn't dream it here is the article I readhttps://www.pyramydair.com/blog/tag/crosman-optimus-air-rifle/scroll down a bit to Choked Barrels.