As far as the stem shooting out, IMHO there isn't enough surface area to provide enough push to push it out.
YUP ... poppet stem driven right threw the poppet head !
tiggerheat:Add the word "yet" and you're good.Gauge blocks:realize that they are open to the outside air between the two O-rings on the gauge block (through the tube hole for the gauge)….what happens there is unpressurized and not the fault of the fill air.The inside of the valve (where that valve stem retrun spring lives) will see every bit of fill moisture pass though/collect on the spring...less moisture is going to take longer to rust it,but it will get rusted...it'swhere the drop in pressure/cooling/condensation would want to deposit it.If you had not already put it all together, would tell you to "wax" (thin coat) everything inside with Silicone grease.